The development of the hottest packaging higher ed

The development of packaging higher education

1 the development of packaging higher education at home and abroad

modern packaging involves packaging materials, the design and manufacture of packaging containers, the packaging technology of products, the circulation of commodities, the recycling and treatment of packaging waste and other processes and related technologies, with the purpose of protecting products, facilitating circulation, promoting sales, improving product added value, saving resources and protecting the environment

it is very important to develop packaging industry and research packaging science and technology, and packaging higher education. Michigan State University in the United States took the lead in setting up the undergraduate major of packaging engineering as early as 1952, established an independent college of packaging engineering in 1957, and gradually formed a bachelor's, master's and doctoral degree training system; Leipzig institutions of higher learning in Germany, Stuttgart Institute of print media, Berlin Institute of technology and other colleges and universities, with undergraduate majors in packaging technology; Dresden University, Hamburg Institute of technology, Darmstadt special service college, uportar comprehensive college, Munich University and other colleges and universities have opened relevant packaging technology courses in undergraduate majors such as printing, paper making, food and so on; Developed countries such as France, Britain and Australia also attach great importance to higher education in packaging. They not only have undergraduate majors in packaging technology, but also have educational engineers such as Dortmund University and Hamburg Institute of technology. In order not to affect our experimental results and extend the service life of experimental equipment, colleges, universities and research institutes such as the European Institute of export products also cultivate master's and doctoral students in packaging

in China, in order to meet the needs of economic construction, colleges and universities such as Jiangnan University opened packaging courses in early 1962, and began to enroll undergraduates in packaging machinery in 1977. In 1984, the Ministry of education listed packaging engineering as one of the 10 pilot majors in the undergraduate specialty catalogue of ordinary colleges and universities, and in 1993, packaging engineering was listed in the undergraduate specialty catalogue of ordinary colleges and universities. In the two adjustments of the undergraduate specialty catalogue in 1992 and 1998, the undergraduate specialty of packaging engineering was retained. In 1999, the Ministry of education listed the major of packaging engineering as the undergraduate major of national management. At present, more than 50 colleges and universities across the country have opened undergraduate majors in packaging engineering, and packaging higher education has developed rapidly and stably, cultivating a large number of urgently needed professionals for the country

while cultivating undergraduates, since the 1980s, some colleges and universities have cultivated master's students in packaging under the names of similar disciplines. On April 29th, 1996, at the 14th meeting of the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council, the major of packaging engineering was included in the "catalogue of disciplines and majors for conferring doctoral and master's degrees and cultivating graduate students" at its surface, which was generally not or rarely decorated with fabrics or leather. Unfortunately, when the catalogue of graduate students was adjusted in 1997, the major of packaging engineering was incorporated into the first-class discipline of "food science and Engineering". "Food science and t-process" obviously cannot cover the whole picture of packaging t-process. In this way, China's packaging higher education can not meet the needs of economic construction in today's era, but also restricts the training of high-level packaging talents and the discipline construction of packaging engineering, which directly affects the supplement of teachers and scientific research teams of research departments in ordinary colleges and universities. At present, there are more than 20 colleges and universities that recruit master's degree students in packaging engineering by affiliation, such as Jiangnan University, Xi'an University of technology, Tianjin University of science and technology, Beijing Institute of printing, Zhuzhou Institute of technology, Shaanxi University of science and technology, Shanghai University, Harbin Business University, Guangdong University of technology, Hubei University of technology, Tianjin business school, Zhejiang University, Jilin University, Wuhan University, which can be divided into wedge-shaped fixtures, clip type fixtures Winding fixture and eccentric fixture refer to taking, lever fixture, shoulder fixture, bolt fixture, 90 ° stripping fixture, etc. Although the knot of these fixtures is Zhengzhou University, Nanjing Forestry University, Northeast Forestry University, Dalian Institute of light industry, Northwest University of agriculture and forestry science and technology, Jinan University, etc., which have their own advantages and disadvantages. Some universities also cultivate doctoral students in packaging engineering

2 characteristics of foreign packaging higher education curriculum system

(1) pay attention to the education of Humanities and management knowledge

for example, the school of Applied Science and technology of Rochester University of Technology (ri1r) in the United States sets up 54 credits of Humanities and social sciences courses in the three major directions of packaging (packaging technology, packaging printing, packaging management) according to needs (including foundation (16+12) points, concentration 12 points, Electives senior seminar L 4 points), and set up three professional courses: basic scientific thinking course (2 credits), presentation skills course (4 credits), and Organizational Behavior Course (4 credits). Three courses such as sales principle, financial settlement, and introduction to economics are offered as compulsory courses, and four courses such as packaging management, packaging economics, professional sales skills, and marketing technology are offered as optional courses. The packaging technology major of the media Institute in Stuttgart, Germany, offers 12 credits of compulsory courses (4 points for statistics I, 4 points for enterprise economics, and 4 points for basic cost accounting) and 26 credits of elective courses (2 points for statistics II, 4 points for packaging cost accounting, 4 points for packaging market, 4 points for project management, 4 points for enterprise management, 4 points for economic information, 2 points for psychology, and 2 points for packaging marketing). The packaging technology major of Leipzig University in Germany offers 18 credits of compulsory courses (cost accounting 2 points, accounting 4 points, enterprise economics 4 points, product business plan 4 points, project planning and management 2 points, business plan 2 points) and 12 credits of elective courses (cost accounting 2 points, marketing 2 points, enterprise management 4 points, packaging regulations 2 points, marketing 2 points)

(2) pay attention to professional courses

the professional core courses set up by Michigan State University include: packaging principles and methods, packaging materials, transportation packaging dynamics, packaging system, packaging process and technology, packaging development; professional elective courses include: packaging and printing, packaging and environment, robot and automaton packaging, pharmaceutical packaging, food packaging, transportation packaging and performance testing, packaging economics Packaging regulations and packaging topics. The professional compulsory courses offered by the packaging major of Rochester University of Technology (MT) include introduction to packaging, packaging materials, sales packaging, flexible packaging containers, rigid packaging containers, packaging production systems, storage and transportation packaging, packaging laws and regulations: the optional courses of packaging major include packaging process control, packaging management, packaging economics, packaging and environment, drug packaging, food storage and packaging, military and export packaging, packaging and display. The packaging technology major of Stuttgart Media College in Germany offers professional compulsory courses in the aspects of packaging foundation, packaging materials, paper packaging, plastic packaging, glass metal packaging, packaging system, packaging machinery, printing foundation, food packaging technology foundation, environmental protection and recycling, packaging CAD, as well as packaging technology, production technology, design foundation, packaging decoration design, packaging structure design, advertising design, packaging printing Gravure printing, offset printing, flexographic printing, silk screen printing, digital printing, and the combination of edge hot oil spray system (HES) and multi section rolling oil spray technology brush. The specialized courses offered by the 52 program major of packaging in Berlin Institute of technology mainly include packaging materials and products, packaging material practice, quality management, packaging testing, packaging decoration and design, transportation and storage, packaging technology and equipment, packaging optimization technology, packaging and environment, enterprise management, commodity packaging and packaging technology, etc

(3) attach importance to practical teaching

according to what I learned during my study in Germany, German engineering colleges have always attached importance to the cultivation of students' working ability and practical operation skills. For example, students majoring in packaging technology in Germany are required to have more than half a year of work experience related to packaging before entering school. In addition to two long-term internships (3-6 months each) in enterprises during school study, teachers of professional courses also need to organize several short-term (about 1 week each) visits and internships. While teaching professional basic courses, professional courses and elective courses, practical links of certain courses are also arranged, and experimental courses are offered separately if conditions permit. Within one week of the experimental class, students can conduct confirmatory experiments and design comprehensive experiments in the laboratory at any time. The course of packaging materials requires students to master the performance and application range of packaging materials, so that students can widely understand how to reasonably select and use packaging materials; The packaging machinery course requires students to master the production system and process control of paper, plastic, glass and metal packaging, and learn to choose packaging equipment reasonably according to different packaging process requirements. In order to enable students to understand and learn the latest professional knowledge, during large-scale professional exhibitions such as dru PA (Print Media Exhibition) and Interpack (International Packaging Exhibition), students majoring in printing, packaging and related majors will be suspended for a week to visit the exhibition

in order to ensure the close combination of theoretical teaching and practical production, and complete the practical teaching content as required, some colleges and universities have also set up a packaging professional advisory committee composed of representatives of large packaging enterprises, scientific research institutes and professional associations to arrange students to visit, practice and guide graduation design. Some companies also send professional technicians to the school to give special lectures to students regularly, and provide the packaging instruments and equipment or packaging design software developed by the company to the school free of charge, which not only ensures the progressiveness of teaching content and means, but also helps to improve the teaching quality

3 the main problems existing in the talent training of packaging higher education in China

over the past 20 years of reform and opening up, more than 50 colleges and universities in China have successively opened packaging engineering majors, most of which are established and developed on the basis of the original majors of light industry, machinery, food, etc., and each college and university has its own positioning and professional characteristics. From the perspective of teaching content setting, packaging technology is basically the main line, with emphasis on the disciplines of machinery, materials and food, and also on the direction of design and printing. Compared with foreign countries, China's packaging higher education currently has the following problems in talent training:

(1) the curriculum is not systematic and the professional direction is not clear

packaging q-process is a multidisciplinary interdisciplinary major, which involves mechanics, materials, biology, machinery, art, management, computer and other disciplines, and different discipline systems have different basic courses and research methods. When formulating training plans, some colleges and universities have all kinds of courses, but the professional characteristics are not prominent, the professional basic courses and elective courses are not systematic, and some professional courses still lack the support of corresponding technical basic courses and professional basic courses. There are defects in the contents of courses are complex, the foundation is not solid, and the professional depth is not enough

(2) attach importance to theoretical teaching and despise Practical Teaching

the talent training mode that attaches importance to theoretical teaching and despises practical teaching has not met the needs of modern industrial development and society. According to the current training plan of undergraduate talents in packaging engineering in domestic colleges and universities, in terms of internship and practice, except that individual colleges and universities arrange one semester of centralized production internship, general colleges and universities only arrange basic internships such as metalworking internship for one month and professional internships for four to six weeks (including professional visits and production internships). Except that computer related courses have more computer hours, the practical teaching hours arranged for other professional basic courses and professional courses are not many, and each course is generally 4 ~ 6 hours. Due to the lack of necessary teaching equipment in some colleges and universities, most majors are